Family Pressure, Social Media Influence, and COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy among Students at Higher Education in Pakistan
Keywords:
Side Effects, Natural Immunity, Family Pressure, Fear of Infection, Vaccination Hesitancy, COVID-19 OutbreakAbstract
This article has been designed to examine the COVID-19 pandemic vaccination hesitancy among students at higher education institutions in Pakistan. The COVID-19 vaccination has been declared mandatory with the reopening of higher educational institutions and students feel hesitation based on multiple factors. This study has used a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional survey has been conducted. A sample of university students in the BS (4 Years) program has been sampled through a proportionate random sampling technique and 4178 students participated. Structural Equational Modelling (SEM) technique has been used to test the model. The study findings conclude that students have to face pressure from university and family for COVID-19 vaccination. Furthermore, side effects and prefer natural immunity have also been added to COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among university students. Resultantly, social media also spread fake news regarding the side effects of vaccination in the future among students. Summing up the argument, COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among university students has been based on multiple interlinked factors i.e., university pressure, family pressure, future fear, side effects, prefer natural immunity, and social media influence.
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