An Analysis the Role and Evidentiary value of First Information Report in Access to criminal Justice in Pakistan

Abstract

The first information report is a written document prepared by the police when they receive information about the commission of cognizance offence which is prohibited by the law e.g. theft, robbery or murder etc. It marked as the first step towards justice after a cognizable crime has been reported while the importance of registration cannot be overstated; delays and obstacles in registering a case have frequently created situations where access to justice is substantially slowed down. Present study explores the legal framework and social determinants influencing first information report registration is emphasizing on inadequacy of compliance measures in case of delays. Through the using doctrinal legal research method this study explored the issues pertaining to registration of first information report by examining primary and secondary sources data. This was seen to indicate that non-registration or delayed registration of  first information report  had an effect on access to justice in Pakistan and  undermined the confidence citizen’s in order to enforcement or application of  law as well as encouraged impunity.  The causes of delays or non-registration of first information report under section 154 of criminal procedure code the First information report are addressed under this study which is including police corruption, political interference improper training and lack resources which cause delay to judge first information report. There are also societal attitudes and social norms to contend with, that deter victims from reporting crimes. The study highlighted the need for structural improvements such as stronger police training, rigorous accountability measures and greater transparency in law enforcement.