Shariah or Common Law: A Comparative analysis of Islamic law and Western law in Pakistan
Keywords:
Good Laws, Islamic Law, Modern Technology, Muslim Societies, Religious Freedom, Secular State, Western LawAbstract
Islamic law places significant emphasis on moral principles and divine guidance, dividing criminal offenses into Hudud, fixed offenses, and Tazir, discretionary offenses, each with distinct sanctions. Conversely, Western law stems from secular philosophies prioritizing reason, individual rights, and legal governance principles. Western legal systems categorize offenses by severity, considering proof, intent, act, and harm caused. Justice in Western systems is ensured through procedural rights like the presumption of innocence and fair trial rights. Despite shared dedication to justice and equity and the influence of global human rights norms, differences persist in legal origins, intellectual foundations, and penalty administration methods. Islamic law integrates religious precepts, while Western law favors secular reasoning and human autonomy. This comparative analysis explores these distinctions in criminal law and justice systems comprehensively.
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