Pakistan’s Military Operations in Erstwhile Fata and De-Radicalization Process In Education Sector After 2014
Keywords:
FATA, Lal Masjid, Afghanistan, Pakistan’s MilitaryAbstract
FATA has been a central hub of politics for Afghanistan and Pakistan since British and Russian Wars. After Soviet invasion in Afghanistan this area played very important role which got attraction from Major Powers too. Radicalization started after 9/11 where Lal Masjid initiated Radicalization campaigns and helped terrorists in FATA to fight against Pakistan’s military forces. This study is qualitative research while following a phenomenological crucial case study analysis. This research uses a theoretical lens of constructivism and while doing so, shows all those reasons which are behind the failure of educational setup and how Pakistan military mainstreamed marginalized people of FATA. Role of NACTA and NAP helped for countering terrorism from this region, how security forces abled to manage de-radicalization process in Education sector and from mindset of students of FATA. Research findings show that the best achievement is of merging erstwhile FATA in KP under twenty-fifth Amendment of constitution of Pakistan 1973. This step is providing the people of this region with handful of rights hence helping them to improve their living standards. But more have to be done, Pakistan has to strengthen its politics by using Soft Power and to bring all non-state actors on one page.
References
Afzal, M. (2016, April 28). Pakistan Under Siege. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/book/pakistan-under-siege/
Alam, I. (n.d.). CHALLENGES IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE WRIT OF THE STATE IN FATA (A CASE STUDY OF KHYBER AGENCY).
Babakhel, M. A. (2016). Pakistan: In-between Extremism and Peace. XLIBRIS.
BANERJEE, M. (2001). The Pathan Unarmed. Opposition & Memory in the North West Frontier. James Currey.
Bangash, S. (2016). The Frontier Tribal Belt: Genesis and Purpose Under the Raj (Illustrated edition). Oxford University Press.
Chaudhry, Y., & Abbas, Z. (2020). Pakistan’s Counter Terrorism Strategy: An Overview and Assessment of Major Military Operations (2002-2020). International Journal of Political Science Law and International Relations, 10, 55–64. https://doi.org/10.24247/ijpslirjun20205
China’s support helps Pakistani children embrace better education—Xinhua | English.news.cn. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-07/29/c_1310093683.htm
Cumming, W. J., & Stewart, J. (2010). Frontier fighters: On active service in Waziristan. Pen & Sword Military.
Educating Fata. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/683080-educating-fata
Fighting for the FATA | 2 | Military action and governance in the trib. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003007784-2/fighting-fata-shahzad-akhtar
Katzenstein, P. J. (2022). Uncertainty and Its Discontents: Worldviews in World Politics. Cambridge University Press.
Khan, H. U., Tariq, D. M., & Ilyas, M. (2023). Mainstreaming FATA through 25th Amendment in the Constitution of Pakistan, Implications for Counter Terrorism Efforts. Rashhat-e-Qalam, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.56765/rq.v1i1.17
National Action Plan, 2014 – NACTA – National Counter Terrorism Authority NACTA Pakistan. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://nacta.gov.pk/nap-2014/
Nugroho, G. (2008). Constructivism and international relations theories. Global & Strategis, 2(1), 85–98.
Operation Zarb-e-Azb: Two years of success. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://www.nation.com.pk/06-Sep-2016/operation-zarb-e-azb-two-years-of-success?show=preview/
Pakistan Army launches “Operation Radd-ul-Fasaad” across the country—Pakistan—DAWN.COM. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://www.dawn.com/news/1316332
Pakistan, Regional Security and Conflict Resolution: The Pashtun ‘Tr. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://www.routledge.com/Pakistan-Regional-Security-and-Conflict-Resolution-The-Pashtun-Tribal/Yousaf/p/book/9780367612115
Pardesi, M. S. (2008). The Battle for the Soul of Pakistan at Islamabad’s Red Mosque. In C. C. Fair & S. Ganguly (Eds.), Treading on Hallowed Ground: Counterinsurgency Operations in Sacred Spaces (p. 0). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195342048.003.0005
Rahman, B., & Ashraf, A. (2014). Pakistani Media as an Agent of Conflict or Conflict Resolution: A Case of Lal Masjid in Urdu and English Dailies. Pakistan Vision, 15.
Restoring Access to Quality Education in Erstwhile FATA by UNDP in Pakistan—Stories by UNDP Pakistan—Exposure. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://undp-pakistan.exposure.co/restoring-access-to-quality-education-in-erstwhile-fata
The legacy of Lal Masjid—Pakistan—DAWN.COM. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2023, from https://www.dawn.com/news/1345068
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nauman Sultan, Atiq Ur Rehman, Ali Nawab Khan, Rida Tanvir
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
LEGALOPEDIA EDUCATINIA (PVT) LTD