Integral Role of Pakistan in Afghan Peacebuilding: A Case Study of Post 2015 Era

Abstract

This research study examines Pakistan’s significant role in achieving peace and stability in Afghanistan. It traces Pakistan’s trajectory from being a passive observer to becoming a proactive facilitator of negotiations. Afghanistan has faced devastating consequences since the 1970s, with the Soviet Union’s invasion in 1979 and the subsequent intrusion by the USA in 2001. These events have left the nation and its populace in ruins. Pakistan’s active efforts have been instrumental in alleviating the long-standing conflict, driven by its strategic interests, socioreligious ties, and geographical proximity. The research highlights the challenges faced by both nations, including targeted killings of Afghan leaders and persistent distrust between the two countries. Additionally, external factors, such as India’s involvement and accusations from former US President Donald Trump, pose significant barriers. Despite these obstacles, key initiatives like the Quadrilateral Coordination Group and the Heart of Asia Conference have contributed to restarting the dialogue. The study emphasizes the need for inclusive governance, democratic processes, and mitigation of weapons proliferation to further advance the peace process. It highlights that peace in Afghanistan has broader implications for global peace and conflict resolution. It recommends that India and Pakistan should refrain from undue interference to ensure that peace is achieved, and the UN should actively support Afghanistan in achieving diplomatic, political, and economic independence. The research methodology combines qualitative analysis of historical events, policy documents, diplomatic correspondence, interviews with key stakeholders, and a comparative analysis of regional conflicts, and peacebuilding efforts. It presents a multidimensional perspective on Pakistan’s crucial role in the Afghan peace process and its impact on regional stability and international peacebuilding endeavors.