Gendering Bourdieu’s Cultural Capital in Higher Education in Pakistan
Keywords:
Gender Disparity, Academic Performance, Higher Education, Cultural Capital, Sociological AnalysisAbstract
This paper has been designed to examine gender disparity in academic performance in Pakistani higher education through the lens of Bourdieu’s cultural capital theory. It reveals that female students outperform and male students underperform at all levels generally and higher education particularly. In this study, 253 university teachers participated from the University of the Punjab, Pakistan based on the classified random sampling technique. A cross-sectional survey has been conducted and a structured questionnaire has been constructed to measure the response of the university teachers. Pilot testing has also been done to ensure the reliability of the instrument. The rapport development method has been opted to introduce the study and researcher. Further, statistical analysis has been done to draw results and conclusions. The study findings have been presented and discussed based on the basic characteristics of the sample, descriptive statistics, and non-parametric Chi-square statistical test. The results indicate that there are multiple factors contributing to gender disparity in academic performance. The overall conclusion that I reached from the analysis of primary data is that there is a gender disparity in academic performance in Pakistani higher education. These findings of the study have also been aligned with Bourdieu's cultural capital theory.
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