Unraveling the Threads of Fragility: An In-depth Analysis of the Underpinnings of Weak Democracy in Pakistan and the Path towards Resilience

Abstract

Despite its long history, democracy in Pakistan has often been characterized by periods of instability and fragility. This paper aims to unravel the threads of fragility by conducting an in-depth analysis of the factors contributing to the weakness of democracy in Pakistan, with a particular focus on the role of the army and judiciary. Through a comprehensive review of historical records, political literature, and recent political events, this study identifies key underpinnings of weak democracy. The findings reveal a complex interplay of socio-economic factors, political instability, institutional weaknesses, and significant influence from the army and judiciary as major contributors to democratic fragility. The study further explores how the army’s frequent interventions and the judiciary’s controversial decisions have often disrupted democratic processes and contributed to its weakness. The paper concludes with a discussion on potential strategies for strengthening democratic resilience in Pakistan, emphasizing the need for institutional reforms and balanced power dynamics. This study provides a foundation for future research on democratic strengthening in Pakistan and offers insights that could inform policy-making.